721+Pennsylvania+Colony,+Mid-Atlantic

=__ The Pennsylvania Colony __= William Penn owned the colony of Pennsylvania shown here.

The dates on the map show when the Native Americans sold their land to the colonists.
Pennsylvania was one of the middle colonies during the time of the 13 colonies.



= = =Religion =

====William Penn established a colony based on religious tolerance, the colony of Pennsylvania and its capital Philadelphia were settled by many Quakers. They gave religious freedom to those who believed in God. The colony's religious freedom attracted populations of German and Scots-Irish settlers. They helped to form colonial Pennsylvania. This shows that the colonists relied on religion and thought it was important. ====

=Education =

====Upper class children received education that included reading, writing, math, poems, and prayers from the Bible, a primer, and a hornbook. Pages and textbooks were easy to understand so that they can recite all the information to remember it. Boys learned more than girls did because people thought is was not that important for them to learn much because they just have to do housework. However, boys had to help their father run plantations or get a job in law or medicine. Girls learned from governess, who were usually from England and somewhat educated. And boys learned in England because they were more important. Poor families could only afford education for their children to survive in the colonies. William Penn and Benjamin Franklin stressed such education in Pennsylvania. Slave were the only ones who couldn't be educated. ====



=Slavery =

==== 4,000 slaves were brought to Pennsylvania by 1730 even though the Quakers were against slavery. In Pennsylvania, slaves were useful for everyone. Slaves worked on plantations to grow staple crops such as, wheat, barley, and oats; and to raise farm animals. They worked as blacksmiths, carpenters, onboard ship workers, ship building industry workers, and farmers. Colonies could't survive without the slaves that they had. This is why they had slaves. Colonists buy slaves from Africa for all kinds of free labor. We can say that slaves had a business but slaves could never make money off of it. Colonists could make money though, because the slaves worked for free until they die or escape. ====

=**__Excerpts of Primary Source Pennsylvania Documents__**=

//Excerpt from// __**FRAME OF GOVERNMENT OF PENNSYLVANIA**__ **by William Penn** (1682)
This settles the divine right of government beyond exception, and that for two ends: first, to terrify evildoers; secondly, to cherish those that do well; which gives government a life beyond corruption and makes it as durable in the world, as good men shall be. So that government seems to me a part of religion itself, a thing sacred in its institution and end. For, if it does not directly remove the cause, it crushes the effects of evil and is, as such (though a lower, yet), an emanation of the same Divine Power that is both author and object of pure religion; the difference lying here, that the one is more free and mental, the other more corporal and compulsive in its operations; but that is only to evildoers; government itself being otherwise as capable of kindness, goodness, and charity, as a more private society. They weakly err that think there is no other use of government than correction, which is the coarsest part of it: daily experience tells us that the care and regulation of many other affairs, more soft, and daily necessary, make up much of the greatest part of government; and which must have followed the peopling of the world, had Adam never fell, and will continue among men, on earth, under the highest attainments they may arrive at, by the coming of the blessed Second Adam, the Lord from heaven. Thus much of government in general, as to its rise and end.

=__Thomas Paine, African Slavery in America__ Philadelphia, 1775 = =Thomas Paine, African Slavery in America (Pennsylvania Journal and the Weekly Advertiser, 1775.) = The past treatment of Africans must naturally fill them with abhorrence of Christians; lead them to think our religion would make them more inhuman savages, if they embraced it; thus the gain of that trade has been pursued in oppositions of the redeemer’s cause, and the happiness of men. Are we not, therefore, bound in duty to him and to them to repair these injuries, as far as possible, by taking some proper measure to instruct, not only the slaves here, but the Africans in their own countries? Primitive Christians, laboured always to spread the divine religion; and this is equally our duty while there is an heathen nation: But what singular obligations are we under to these injured people!

THE QUAKER PROVINCE: 1681-1776
**William Penn and the Quakers**
 * The Founding of Pennsylvania **

Penn was born in London on October 24, 1644, the son of Admiral Sir William Penn. Despite high social position and an excellent education, he shocked his upper-class associates by his conversion to the beliefs of the Society of Friends, or Quakers, then a persecuted sect. He used his inherited wealth and rank to benefit and protect his fellow believers. Despite the unpopularity of his religion, he was socially acceptable in the king's court because he was trusted by the Duke of York, later King James II. The origins of the Society of Friends lie in the intense religious ferment of 17th century England. George Fox, the son of a Leicestershire weaver, is credited with founding it in 1647, though there was no definite organization before 1668. The Society's rejections of rituals and oaths, its opposition to war, and its simplicity of speech and dress soon attracted attention, usually hostile.

Gabriel Thomas __An Account of West Jersey and Pennsylvania__ (1698).
They pay no Tithes, and their Taxes are inconsiderable; the Place is free for all Persuasions, in a Sober and Civil way; for the Church of England and the Quakers bear equal Share in the Government. They live Friendly and Well together; there is no Persecution for Religion, nor ever like to be; 'tis this that knocks all Commerce on the Head, together with high Imposts, strict Laws, and cramping Orders. Before I end this Paragraph, I shall add another Reason why Womens Wages are so exorbitant; they are not yet very numerous, which makes them stand upon high Terms for their several Services,. ..