702+Yana,+California

Cassidy Kiernan, YiFeng Mei, Ayman Choriyev

Cassidy My question is what do the Native Americans do for a living?What I think they were doing for a living is that they hunt animals,make clothing,cook,and build teepees.

YiFeng Mei, my question is what does California's fears. I think California is fears of earthquake, robbery, and gun cases.

Ayman My question was what were things that happened in yana peoples lifes and what happened to the population of yana people? This is what I found

The Yana/Yahi People
====Ishi using a harpoon, 1914; photo: Alfred L. Kroeber, courtesy the Pheobe Apperson Hearst Museum of Anthropology==== The Yana people lived in Northern California on the western slope of the Sierra Nevada mountains. Their land area was approximately 40 miles long by 60 miles wide and included mountain streams and lush meadows. The people hunted wild game, caught salmon, and gathered roots, acorns, and fruit. Anthropologists estimate that the Yana numbered between 1,500 and 2,000 people. The Yana were divided into four groups: the Northern Yana, the Central Yana, the Southern Yana, and the Yahi, who lived in the southernmost part of the region around the Yuba and Feather rivers. The groups shared a language, but they each had unique dialects and cultural traditions. The Yahi, in particular, were very independent and lived a secluded life. This helped protect them from explorers and settlers into the 19th century. However, the 1848 discovery of gold near Yana lands quickly led to the destruction of the people and their way of life. The Yahi band of the Yana lived nearest the Gold Rush territory, so they were probably the first to suffer. Prospectors and settlers seized Yana lands and blocked access to the gold-filled Feather and Yuba rivers, where the Yana fished for the salmon they survived on. Over the next several years most of the Yahi died from starvation and a series of massacres led by European settlers. By 1865, fewer than 100 Yahi remained alive. In 1871 the handful of surviving Yahi fled to the Sierra foothills, where they lived hidden in the mountain wilderness for 40 years. The last known member of the Yahi walked out of the hills in August 1911. He became known as “Ishi” (meaning “man”), the “last of the Yahi.” Ishi lived for five more years and died in 1916. Descendents of the Yana Indians live today on the Redding Rancheria reservation in Northern California. The 2000 U.S. Census lists the population of the Rancheria as 45. The Rancheria is home to descendents of the Yana as well as other tribes indigenous to the region.
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Here is the story of Ishi. THE Last Yana Person!
=The Yana People=

// 25 March 2009 //

//Think of a time when 90,000 individuals rush to one place: California.// //The American Dream: get rich quick. Live comfortably. Make a name for oneself.// //While the dream may be waning, in 1849 it was alive and well.// //Gold was found at Sutter’s Mill by a man named John Marshall. What ensued was a massive migration.// //Invariably, this migration came to the Native American’s as a bit of a surprise. Some of these Native Americans silently assimilated into the population of migrants, others died off from epidemics that were brought along, and others fought in small skirmishes.// //One tribe that was affected greatly by the immensity of the migration was// [|//The Yahi Tribe//]. //The Yahi Tribe lived in what is now Butte County, California. The Yahi Tribe’s population was estimated to be around 3,000//, whom living among several other sub-tribes made up the [|Yana People]: //the Northern Yana, the Central Yana and the Southern Yana. The tribes hunted game, fished for salmon, gathered fruits and roots. // //As more migrants came to California, mining began to take a large effect on the environment. Silt from mines began to slip into the streams that the Yana fished in, and the game that they hunted were driven away from the explosion of people.// //Soon after these events occurred, the Yana People began to raid cattle herds and fight back due to starvation. By 1861, the Southern Yana tribe was but a memory. By 1864, the Yahi, Central and Northern Yana’s numbers were reduced from 2,000 to 50.// //This is where our central figure arises: Ishi.// //Ishi and his family raided cattle and fought minor skirmishes with the migrants. In 1865, after the Three Knolls Massacre, Ishi and other surviving members of the Yana People went into the hills of Butte County to hide. This did not stop the migrants from trying to find them, sending hunting dogs after them, forcing Ishi and the other survivors further into the hills.// //With this dilemma, the Yana People resorted to gathering acorns, grinding them and eating the resulting mush. After a period of time, the tribe’s numbers were reduced to four. Then two. Ishi and his mother. In 1911, Ishi’s mother died, making him the only surviving member of the Yahi Tribe.// //On August 29, 1911, local butcher’s found Ishi in their corral, who then took the malnourished man to the local jail house.// //Alfred L. Kroeber and T.T. Waterman, two University of California anthropologists, read a newspaper article about the last surviving Yahi’s incarceration and invited Ishi to live at the university. This happened to coincide with the recent opening of a museum of anthropology at the university.// //Left to Right: Sam Ba'twi, Alfred L. Kroeber, Ishi// //Ishi obliged, despite being able to return to his ancestral lands. (He decided not to mainly because his neighbors would continue their persecution, and due to the inhospitably of the land.) While staying at the University of California, Ishi explained his language (which was thought to be extinct), sang traditional songs and helped shed light on artifacts that were found. Prior to much of this, it was believed that the Yahi Tribe was completely wiped out.// //After five years at the museum, Ishi died of tuberculous on March 25, 1916.// //Adding to his enigmatic nature, Ishi never said his real name. Ishi, in the Yahi language, means man.//

//The Yana were divided into four groups: the Northern Yana, the Central Yana, the Southern Yana, and the Yahi, who lived in the southernmost part of the region around the Yuba and Feather rivers. The groups shared a language, but they each had unique dialects and cultural traditions. The Yahi, in particular, were very independent and lived a secluded life. This helped protect them from explorers and settlers into the 19th century.// //**Native Tribes, Groups, Language Families and Dialects of California in 1770(after A.L. Kroeber 1925). Adapted from Heizer (1966: Map 4).**// //A detailed key appears below the map//.
 * Key** (Note: some designations have changed since Kroeber's 1925 compilation)
 * **Athabascan Family**Oregon Group 1a. Rogue RiverTolowa Group 1b. Tolowa.Hupa Group 1c. Hupa 1d. WhilkutMatole Group 1e. MatoleWailaki Group 1f. Nongatl 1g. Lassik 1h. Shelter Cove Sinkyone 1i. Lolangkok Sinkyone 1j. Eel River Wailaki 1k. Pitch Wailaki 1l. North Fork Wailaki 1m. KatoBear River Group 1n. Bear River**Algonkin Family**Yurok 2a. Yurok 2b. Coast Yurok 3. Wiyot**Yukian Family** 4a. Yuki 4b. Huchnom 4c. Coast Yuki 4d. Wappo || **Hokan Family**Shastan 6a. Shasta 6b. New River Shasta 6c. Konomihu 6d. Okwanuchu 6e. Achomawi (Pit River) 6f. Atsugewi (Hat Creek)Yana 7a. Northern Yana 7b. Central Yana 7c. Southern Yana 7d. Yahi 8. Karok 9. ChimarikoPomo 10a. Northern 10b. Central 10c. Eastern 10d. Southeastern 10e. Northeastern 10f. Southern 10g. Southwestern 11. Washo 12. EsselenSalinan 13a. Antoniano 13b. Migueleño 13c. Playano (doubtful)Chumash 14a. Obispeño 14b. Purisimeño 14c. Ynezeño 14d. Barbareño 14e. Ventureño 14f. Emigdiano 14g. Cuyama 14h. IslandYuman 15a. Northern (Western) Diegueño 15b. Mountain Diegueño 15c. Southern (Eastern or Desert) Diegueño 15d. Kamia 15e. Yuma 15f. Halchidhoma & Kohuana (now Chemehuevi) 15g. Mohave || **Penutian Family**Wintun Dialect Groups 16a. Northern (Wintu) 16b. Central (Nomlaki) 16c. Hill (Patwin) 16d. River (Patwin)Maidu Dialect Groups 17a. Northeastern 17b. Northwestern 17c. Southern (Nisenan)Miwok 18a. Coast 18b. Lake 18c. Bay (Saclan) 18d. Plains 18e. Northern Sierra 18f. Central Sierra 18g. Southern SierraCostanoan 19a. San Pablo (Karkin) 19b. San Francisco 19c. Santa Clara 19d. Santa Cruz 19e. San Juan Bautista (Mutsun) 19f. Rumsen (Monterey) 19g. SoledadYokuts Dialect Groups 20a. Northern Valley (Chulamni, Chauchila, etc.) 20b. Southern Valley (Tachi, Yauelmani, etc.) 20c. Northern Hill (Chukchansi, etc.) 20d. Kings River (Chionimni, etc.) 20e. Tule-Kaweah (Yaudanchi, etc.) 20f. Poso Creek (Paleuyamni) 20g. Buena Vista (Tulamni, etc.)Modoc 20h. Modoc || **Uto-Aztekan (Shoshonean) Family**Plateau Branch Mono-Bannock Group 21a. Northern Paiute (Paviotso) 21b. Owens Valley Paiute 21c. Mono Lake Paiute 21d. Monache (Western Mono) Shoshoni-Comanche Group 21e. Panamint Shoshone (Koso) Ute-Chemehuevi Group 21f, Chemehuevi (Southern Paiute) 21g. Kawaiisu (Tecachapi)Kern River Branch 21h. Tübatulabal (& Bankalachi)Southern California Branch Serrano Group 21i. Kitanemuk (Tajon) 21j. Alliklik 21k. Möhineyam (Vanyume) 21l. Serrano Gabrielino Group 21m. Fernandeño 21n. Gabrielino 21o. Nicholeño Luiseño-Cahuilla Group 21p. Juaneño 21q. Luiseño 21r. Cupeño 21s. Pass Cahuilla 21t. Mountain Cahuilla ||